Effects Of Current Business Plans

Activity 2

2.1. Appropriate tools to analyze the effects of current business plans

JUST EAT is a small scale company that operates in the food and beverage industry in the UK. SWOT is the tool adopted by the management to identify the weakness and strength of the organization. It is an effective tool to overcome the defective points of the JUST EAT. Through this tool organization will be able to identify the opportunities in the market and create the dishes according to the requirement if the consumers. SWOT analysis assists the organization to identify the threats in the market and design the policy to over these threats. Strengths are the backbone of the organization by which management will be able to handle the fluctuation of the market like changes in customer taste and preference, government policy, substitute of the product, price fluctuation etc. SWOT analysis is the best way to achieve the target by indentifying the drawbacks of the organization and try to implementing the best alternative to overcome the errors. A manager can evaluate the performance of the employees and organization as well by the self-evaluating technique. SWOT is the best way to overcome the errors in the organization. SWOT can be applied t identify the advantages of the new product and identify the uniqueness of the product.  SWOT analysis of the company has been carried out to identify its current state of affairs.

1. Strength:
2. labor costs are low in comparison to other companies,
3. good distribution and sales networks (Cassidy, 2005),
4. barriers of market entry for new competitors.
5. Weakness:
6. operational costs are too high,
7. future competition,
8. huge investment in research and development (Kaufman and et. al, 2003).

• Opportunities:

1. capture more customers because income level is increasing day by day,
2. demand will be increasing in the future,
3. try to establish new markets (Cassidy, 2005).
4. Threats:
5. financial capacity,
6. external risks,
7. changes in customer taste and preferences .

Value chain analysis

Value chain analysis is an effective tool to evaluate the essential activities that support the company in gaining competitive edge among their rival companies. This model generally focuses on explaining the overall activities of business in the two broad categories such as primary activities and supporting activities. However, the model also focuses on activities that support JUST EAT increasing its value among customers.

Primary activities: These are considered as key activities that generally focus on manufacturingand distributingproducts and services to the ultimate customers.

Secondary activities: These are the secondary activities that help the company in accomplishing their primary activities.

Supporting activities
Infrastructure	·         The company follows effective control system ·         Company culture and organizational structure
Human resource management	·         Training employees ·         Human resources specialized in delivery of food products ordered online
TechnologyDevelopment	·         Use of IT tools for online order management ·          The website of JUST EAT has a platform where                       customers can provide feedback regarding customer service ·         Innovation
Procurement	·         Procuring adequate resources ·         Buying ingredients from the local vendors and suppliers

Primary activities
Inbound logistics	·         Acquiring different raw material like cheese, dough, sauce for preparing the snacks ·         Fruits and vegetables ·         Spices, salt and pepper
Operations	·         Timely delivery of the food products ·         Preparation of food ·         Proper utensils for preparing food
Outbound logistics	·         Transportation of food to customers ·         Serving hot food items to customers
Marketing and sales	·         Segmentation ·         Branding ·         Effective pricing ·         Advertisement ·         Discount offers to increase sales ratio
Service and support	·         Taking online orders ·         Ensuring home delivery of food items

Life cycle analysis helps to determine the action of the 4 Ps related to JUST EAT target groups. LCA is the obvious extension that supports the development of eco-labeling schemes that is regulates in the various countries. LCA maintains the eco-labels to make the product legal and trustworthy. The analysis assists the manager to develop the product by keeping the environmental standards in mind. Life cycle analysis is the best way to design the product according to the legal environmental factors. In order to implement the LCA in the organization the management allots the labels on the products to show that management is following the eco-balancing products. Lifecycle analysis has two terms Life cycle Inventory and Life Cycle Assessment one depicts the inventory management another depicts the performance of the organization towards the environment. LCA enables the organization to identify that how much energy and raw material used by the organization to produce the product. It is the lengthy and very detailed process that collects the data in all the stages and at the end evaluates the data in order to conclude the perfect result. It is followed by the four-stage interpretation, problems, contradictions and recycling.

• Product or service which JUST EAT can meet or satisfy the needs of customers
• Price is for the service is most important, JUST EAT need to be sure they are in the budget with the price. Price is representing for the customers as a value. Price is the only one which determining the revenue generation
• Promotion Good price and good service for JUST EAT is not enough. This must need to sell or communicate to the customers. Here can be use marketing, advertising, sales promotion etc.
• Place or distribution important to visible where to find JUST EAT. Build a merchandise network. Use web site to make easy for customers to reach services.

Product ( service) life cycle has four major part.

• Introduction, will start a slow growth, in this stage JUST EAT will not have any significicant profit, due to the additional expenses as promotions or marketing, which need to invest
• Growth, this stage JUST EAT can see a significant growth due to the market acceptances and profits
• Maturity, still shows a slow growth, seems the market potential is reached. JUST EAT might be need to develop new ideas, to keep the growth. For example create your own menu web application .
• Decline, As the market get fulled, and reached the saturation the curve is start to decline.  This is where the profit and sales are falling. Important to understand your service life cycle, to kno whow soon it is move to the next stage.

Porter's Five Forces Model

The Five Forces Model is a powerful tool that assesses the overall industry in which the organization is operating. However, the tool also plays a significant role in understanding the strength of the organization in the competitive scenario and the area within the industry, in which the organization is operating. This industry analysis tool focuses on measuring five forces that are suppliers’ power, buyers’ power and competitive rivalry, threat of substitution and threat of new entry (Simerson, 2011).

• Threat of new entrants: New entrants in the market are the major threat for the company as it can reduce its market share and customers can switch to new competitors. The threat of new entrants within the online food-ordering industry is relatively high because with the increasing e-commerce business customers prefer to order the food online and take it away from the respective places. JUST EAT also has to be engaged in the new product differentiation that result in reducing the threat of new entrants as in order to enter the online food delivery industry the competitors are required to invest a huge amount of capital.
• Power of suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is low within the online food-ordering sector as there are a number of organizations that supply food ingredients to JUST EAT. Simultaneously, bargaining power of suppliers is low within the whole industry that assists the company to maintain good relationships with suppliers to get services at the best available prices and quality.
• Power of buyers: The power of buyers within the industry is high as in the contemporary scenario buyers are more concerned about the quality of products and services and they do make compromises regarding such elements. In respect of the restaurant and food offering customers have become more environment-friendly.
• Availabilityof substitute products: The availability of substitute products is high in the online market as there are indirect ways through which the customers get deals in rendering takeaway food services, i.e. websites of restaurants and online delivery service provided by the restaurants.

Competitiverivalries: Due to the expanding market of food ordering and the emerging technologies, the competitive rivalry in the industry is relatively high in spite of the fact that the companies in the market do not offer differentiated products or services

2.3. The competitive strengths and weaknesses of an organization’s current business strategy

Resource analysis

JUST EAT operates in a small market in the enterprises sector and uses various resources to increase its production and to try to provide the customers with the best service. Some resources are as follows:

1. Human resources: human resources are the basic need of the organization for running business effectively. This company has been recruiting skilled and qualified people because it aims to provide the best products and services in the market. Human resources contribute with new creativity and ideas to the expansion of the business and managing responsibilities in an efficient manner (Nelson, 2008).
2. Financial resources: financial resources have used to develop business in new markets and are helpful in introducing new products and services in the market. The company took loans from banks in order to finance its business expansions. Many small financial institutions and investors have connected with the company for support in terms of finance. Financial conditions of the company are compares to their competitors (Kerzner, 2002).
3. Technological resources: the organization has been using various new machinery and equipment for making food. The company will be using new technologies in sales and promotion of the products in the market. These include various new technologies in the payment system such as online ordering, payment with debit card/credit card, and membership cards for regular customers (Bryson, 2011).
4. Skills and competencies audit: With the skills and competencies audit, the company will determine the skills and various competencies its human resources have. These audits will benefit JUST EAT by determining the skills their manpower possess to achieve the company’s goals and the company will also be able to identify the actual areas where training and development is needed to enhance the skills so that they should effectively contribute to accomplishing the targets.
5. Benchmarking: One of the effective methods for evaluating the current strengths and weaknesses of business is benchmarking which focuses on comparing the current business processes to the rival’s business processes that further results in improving the company’s performance and adopting practices so that they may easily focus on taking strategic decisions for the overall business.

3.1. Modelling tools to develop strategic options for an organization

Ansoff’s model is a strategic planning tool that is uses for the development of new strategies for the business. It gives better options to handle upcoming risks and market share more effectively. Some options of Ansoff’s model are as follows as for making useful strategy during the expansion of the business.

1. Market Penetration: This is helpful when the company is facing problems in selling its current products. It provides a new path to attract competitor’s customers as well as new customers from the market. Company will be focusing on advertising and promotions for the purpose of grabbing customers’ attention, thus increasing the number of customers. This option is less risky for the company in establishing a new strategy for growth (Malphurs, 2013).
2. Product development: Development of new products attracts existing and new customers in the market. The organization has been developing new products according to customers’ needs and expectations. In the present scenario customers want variety regarding food so JUST EAT tries to develop new products on the basis of taste and customer preferences (Linn, 2008).

• Market Development: The market development strategy focuses on expanding business into new markets (geographically to new countries, etc) while using its existing offers. This is a major option available to the business for enhancing business profit through entering new markets. The company has been managing new branches at various places in the market for earning good revenues (Elbanna, 2010).

1. Diversification: This is a very costly option for the company because it involves making new products and choosing new markets for serving products and services. Diversification is risky for JUST EAT because this strategy does not necessarily trigger growth, instead, it might also have a huge negative impact on the financial position of the company (Al-Turki, 2011).

The company can also adopt the various other plans like Mintzberg, gap analysis, competitiveness strategies, etc. These tools will support the developing of the strategic options for the organization. Gap analysis is a technique that is used by JUST EAT to identify the steps that will help the company move from the actual state to the desired upcoming state (Dameron and Durand, 2013). It will also help the company in determining the actual financial resources, workforce inventory or time needed to achieve the goals. The process for conducting gap analysis includes three steps:

1. The first step is to identify the current state of business regarding the accomplishment of objectives and goals.
2. The second step is to determine the gap by proper analyzes of the internal and external market situations and providing solutions to fill the gap, so that JUST EAT can achieve its objectives.
3. The last step will be the determination of the desired position where they want to move forward.

GAP Analysis

            The technique used by the JUST EAT to determine the future conflicts or drawbacks. It is also known as the need gap analysis or need assessment analysis that identify the needs and desire of the customers. It consists of attributes, competencies, current situation, performance level etc. The analysis the gap among the performance and highlight the deficiency and find the alter native to overcome the gap. It is the process by which organization compare the actual performance to the expected performance to identify the gap among performance. The process help the management analyze the gaps and HR team creates the action plan for the business growth and fills the gaps in the performance. To apply the GAP analysis the management needs to set the SMART objectives in order to measure the performance of the organization. It is the best tool to measure the performance that fills the gap in the organization. The method depicts the current position of the organization and results of the implemented policies in the organization.

Competitive strategies

            These long-term strategies help the organization to gain the competitive advantage. These kinds of strategies used in the advertising campaign to introduce the product in very effective way. Competitive strategies are the most important for the business to compete in the market to improve the efficiency in comparison to the competitor. The strategies assist the organization to design the long-term policy for the better future. Competitive strategies plays vital role in the growth of the organization. A competitiveness strategy is the strategy that helps the organization to sustain in the market through innovation, diversification, product differentiation etc. While designing the competitiveness strategy the management needs include the stakeholders at all the levels of the value chain method.

3.3. Options to form the basis of future organizational strategy

The options to form the basis of future organizational strategy are as follows:

8th of June 2015 “JUST EAT plc (“JUST EAT”), the world’s leading online and mobile market place for takeaway food, is pleased to announce the acquisition of two leading Italian online delivery companies, further strengthening its rapidly growing Italian business, JUST EAT. It

The acquisition of Clicca e Mangia, based in Milan, and DeliveRex, based in Rome, cements JUST EAT’s leadership in Italy is two largest online takeaway delivery markets. The transactions will add several hundred new restaurants to JUST EAT are expanding marketplace for takeaway food, and thousands of new customers.”

• Mergers and acquisitions: Mergers and acquisitions will help improve the status of the company. It will provide various advantages to the organization in expansion of its business with the support of other companies. It will be helpful in improving the financial conditions of the enterprises, and market share will be increase. It is useful for attaining competitive advantage as it increases company size and sales volume in the market (Germano and Stephenson, 2012). For example if JUST EAT merge the business with the foreign multinational business for the growth of the organization and to open the outlet in the different countries.
• Corporate expansions: This option provides better opportunities to the company in business expansion through new projects and assignments in the business. The company will be covering various areas of the market through various products and services. A corporate expansion takes huge investments and may involve taking loans from financial institutions. Therefore, the company will systematically be using financial tools in the suitable projects (McLarney, 2001).
• Control of distribution channels: The organization has been using different techniques in distribution of goods and services. It will be helpful in proper distribution management according to market needs and demands. The company is selling and distributing their products where the demand is high, whereas, when market demand is low the company diversifies its distribution in other markets with the help of using proper distribution channels.
• Niche marketing: In the future JUST EAT can also focus on targeting niche market for enhancing their performance. Through this JUST EAT can easily target their new market customers, which further enhances their visibility. Niche market is creates through determining the needs and preferences of the customers that are not fulfilled by the other companies. Therefore, niche marketing is an effective future strategy that is beneficial for the company. For example if JUST EAT adopts the niche marketing then management can easily segment the customers and build the strong customer base for the organization.
• Diversification: Another future strategy is to diversify their products and services so that they can fulfill customers ‘requirements. However, through diversification JUST EAT can easily increase their market share while gaining higher profits by generating higher sales volume. For instance, JUST EAT may diversify the business like move to fast food corners, merger with the multinational business for the business expansion.
• Efficiency in production: Another future option for the company is to ensure efficiency in the production through using technical and electrical equipment for preparing food. Thus, use of advanced tools can support the company in preparing food on time it further enhances productivity. Efficiency in production assists the JUST EAT to raise the productivity by adopting the machines and various other modes of production. Management can raise the production easily with the help of technology.

1.1. Suitable structure proposed for a strategy plan that ensures appropriate participation from all stakeholders of an organization

Balanced scorecard is the best option for assessment of the individual performances in the organization. A technique helps the company convert their vision and mission into strategic goals and monitor both financial and human resource performance in terms of achieving organizational goals. It indicates the future results of the business strategy with the use of the analysis of strategies. The company has set targets to managers and employees for achieving company objectives (Tsiakkiros and Pashiardis, 2002). The organization has a reward program in place if employees achieve the target in a given time, so it represents a positive motivation and reinforcement for the employees, and they will give all their best efforts for achieving the objectives. Most of the time the enterprise is uses the success matrices in evaluating the strategy and performance of the employees. After this evaluation, the company will be trying to make changes according to the needs of the company in order to grow in profit and in sales figures.

      JUST EAT can also review the strategic plan by evaluating the targets to achieve goals. Goals and objectives should transform into different targets that need to be accomplish by following the strategic plan.

The stakeholders of JUST EAT are employees, customers, suppliers, and so on. The company must engage each stakeholder is the organizational process for achieving acceptable outcomes. Here is a proposal/ strategic plan to ensure participation from all stakeholders of an organization:

• My proposal is the company must engage employees in the organizational process by providing them authority to make decisions at their level. My suggestion is there must be a two-way engagement within limits of responsibility.
• The customers are provided with options to give feedback regarding customer services.
• The company has to maintain good relationships with the suppliers through coming up with loyalty programmes (Understand and engage stakeholders, 2016.).
• Loyalty programs include the reward system in which JUST EAT will provide the coupons to the customers in order to retain them. Under loyalty programs business provides the schemes and various other attractive offers in order to increase the customer base.

SWOT analysis

Strength:

• labor costs are low in comparison to other companies,
• good distribution and sales networks (Cassidy, 2005),
• barriers of market entry for new competitors.

Weakness:

• operational costs are too high,
• financial capacity,
• Huge investment in research and development (Kaufman and et. al, 2003).

Opportunities:

• capturing more customers because the income level is increasing day by day,
• demand will be increasing in the future,
• Trying to establish new markets (Cassidy, 2005).

Threats:

• future competition,
• external risks,
• Changes in taste and preferences of the customers. 

4.2. Criteria for reviewing potential options for develop a strategy plan

                The management has set the criteria to review the potential of the employees in order to improve their performance and increase the business. The management has considered the following points in order to develop the potential:

Balanced scorecards: The manager of JUST EAT will maintain the scorecard and keep it update by noting down the performance of the organization and give rating to the performance. Through this business can easily identify by the current performance of the organization.

Goals: The HR manager of the JUST EAT set the goals for the organization and tries evaluating the performance of the organization in respect for the achievement of the goal. If it is positive than manager give the instruction to go ahead or if it is negative than manager put the efforts to for the performance improvement. The goal reviewing is the best criteria under this a manager can easily identify the performance of the organization and set the objective according to the performance. If performance is suitable for the achievement of the goal than there is no need to design the policy if it is negative or not according to the set standards than the manger needs to adopt the strategy.

Targets: The top management set the targets for the middle management for the growth of the organization. In this condition the middle management of the JUST EAT, transfer the target to the lower management by giving the liability to achieve the target. For better performance, the manger gives the targets to all the employees and they need to achieve the targets on time.

Activity 3

4.3., 5.2., 5.3.

An agreed strategy plan that includes resource implications

Management strategy is the systematic analysis of the factors associated with the external and internal environment to provide a basis for the operations and current management of the company. JUST EAT uses following implications in resources for constructing its strategic plan:

• Workflow process: There must be a workflow process in order to achieve results.
• Reward and penalty processes: The Company must adopt reward and penalty processes to induce people to behave in a way that is required by the organization and a way that is associated with the company culture and activities (Ashill, Frederikson and Davies, 2003). By adopting these processes, JUST EAT can effectively motivate their human resources to produce quality and healthier products so in order to satisfy their customers.
• Sustainable development: the company maintains and makes adequate use of the resources for sustainable development as they require financial resources to buy the various ingredients for preparing the healthier food.
• Human requirements: human capacity and skills, the current and potential sources of the resources, are required to implement company strategy. Human resources provide structure and operational activities to the company in an efficient manner (Subramoniam and Krishnankutty, 2002). Human resource serves the basic requirement of the company’s customers.
• Financial requirement: Finance requires for the management of the company operations and expansion of new projects. Management invests and evaluates the fund based on importance of upcoming requirement of the company.

Appropriate vision and mission statement for an organization

JUST EAT has an appropriate vision and mission for the future. JUST EAT vision is to establish approximately 50.000 branches all over the world until 2020. JUST EAT's vision is to sustain onthe long run in the competitive market so that they can attain higher profits. They wish to attract more and more customers so that they can expand their activities across the globe. The mission of the company is to provide organic, natural and healthy food to their customers at a reasonable price and providing best products and services to customers in a short period and grow in business (Schraeder, 2002).

Future management objectives for an organization

The company’s future objectives regarding the society is to protect society interests and values. Company objectives will be outlinedin compliancewith the planned expansion, also taking into account the increase of the competition in the market regarding products and services. The companyfocuses on increasing business profits and outliningobjectives for increasing the number of customers in the market. The company has established objectives according to the availability of their resources (Ketzes, 2003). The company draws upthe real objectives and makes efforts to fulfill them. Company mission will have to be a unique image in the market regarding thequality in the servicesprovided.Thefuture management objective of JUST EAT is to motivate their employees in such a manner that they would attain higher success in the market. The company should also motivate their employees so that they should treat their customers effectively by providing better service through competent self-regulation and evaluation methods.

Vision statement for JUST EAT external vision is to integrate takeaway restaurants operates, and moving away from the old traditional transaction methods. Develop new EPOS technology Meal2go mobile applications. Smaller restaurants will use a tablet table order management platform, to be a leader for a takeaway food. Internal vision is for the organization to create a high tech operated workplace where all the ordering and production process will be short, and will reflecting the technical advantages.

Mission statement key success measures, measure the vision statement. It is done what we stated? This is the one of the easiest way to measure.

Responsibilities and accountabilities. Plan must be clear for all the participants, goals and action plans need to set, as well as the next steps, to be able to implement the plan. Every participants need to be aware of their role as well.

Management objective settings, is a structured approaches to help to the management to achieve the set goals, objectives and results.(Rodgers, et. al., 1993).

• Setting Corporate strategy goals
• Determining team goals
• Individual goals setting which is line with the corporate strategy
• Developing an action plan
• Reviewing the performance and revising goals

All we need to be sure all the team members has a clear understanding about the goals, and their responsibilities. One of the key important stage.

Goals and objectives are an essential part of any good performance management system.

FEA – Performance Reference Model – public domain.

5.1.Core organizational values with the current business objectives of an organization

Core organizational values pertain to the vision and mission of the company. They cover ethical, social, environmental and business aspects for the future. Some core values are as follows:

• selling natural, organic and quality products to customers,
• providing higher satisfaction to the customers,
• provide rewards and incentives based on their performances,
• generating wealth through profit and growth in the business (Barksdale and Lund, 2006),
• providing better products to the community,
• producing environment-friendly products,
• involving and understanding society needs and expectations,
• managing suppliers effectively,
• adopting ideas from stakeholders in decision-making.

            There are certain cultural values that will directly affect JUST EAT in achieving their objectives and mission. Cultural values within the organization will benefit the company in attaining the stated goals and objectives that is to provide quality food services to their customers. JUST EAT’s vision will influence the objectives and goals, as these threeare linked with each other.

JUST EAT use their intellectual property and patents, to develop their online takeaway order system, but this still no owns intellectual property protection.

5.4. Evolution of plans to develop measures in the organization

To develop a strategy plan and have a clear vision to reach that is the most important part of it. For the company is in the most dangerous situation when it is in the top tier in the market. Hence, the company uses different strategic plans. It has different organizational cultures that are made of teamwork, leadership, climate for action and capabilities (Dameron and Durand, 2013). There are different issues that affect the evaluation of plans, and in order to minimize these conditions the company has monitoring processes in place. There are certain measures that can be used by JUST EAT to evaluate the plan. The various measures are:

• Measuring the financial outcomes: With the help of measuring the financial outcomes, the company can evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented plan to providetheir services among the UK customers and international customers (Dameron and Durand, 2013).
• Measuring the customer satisfaction level: The company can also evaluate the success of plans by measuring the customer satisfaction level and considering the financial aspects and gaining feedback from the customers about their products and services.

Monitoring is one of the important task to follow the planning. Planning must have some mile stones where we can see our actual status. It is very important to make a clear and achievable goals and objectives which could be measurable and reachable. If there is some correction action need will help in advance to change and modify any deviations, to avoid any further damage. Frequency of monitoring could be different, it could be weekly, and for the management monthly.

SMART OBJECTIVE

• To implement the food and safety measure in next 6 months
• To increase the sales by the end of October 2016
• To enhance the quality food till end of 2016
• To increase the revenue by 2% till the end of financial year
• To create brand name till 15th November 2016

The management for the specific time in which they need to achieve sets smart objectives. It is just like the set benchmark that manager needs achieve till the specific time.

Activity 4

6.1. Implementation of the plan in an organization

In order to implement the strategic plan in an organization, the management needs certain planning processes that will help them to adhere to market demand and stay ahead of competition.

Implementation of the plan flow

• Self-evaluation: the company has to develop their ideas to make different products.
• Market research: this is the tool that helps the company to get information about their products in the market and the specific need for it. This is a very important component in implementing any plans.
• Information on competitors: this can be obtained by market research, too, and it will help the company to develop their products and strategies (Schoenberg, Collier and Bowman, 2013).
• Requirements: these are resources that are used for making their products. Theyare very essential for the development within the company so the company should use standard resources to get a good image in the market.
• Establish tracking system:Strategic planning could be checkup regular, and schedule bases. During monthly review we need to be sure about the short term objectives are realized. There will be a chance to check the timeframe, which is decided in the beginning, will suitable for the project or not. Annual review how strategy is performed during the annual year. To check if we reached our short terms goals, how it is align with the wider planning? In addition, summarizing what we achieved during the year timeframe. In addition, this will be a great opportunities to check other opportunities. During monthly and quarterly reviews, you may consider some strategic changes, adjustments for the better planning this could happen sometimes.

Align with budget:

It is very important in the beginning to describe the need of the budget for the planning. it is crucial for the implementation of the strategy. Budgeting is helps to achieve the result of the strategic we are working on. This can be review during the monthly and yearly review, to check if the planes expenses are still in the budget or need to do some adjustments.

6.2. Methods that will be used to gain commitment from the stakeholders

There are different types of stakeholders, so in order to gain their commitment the company has to use different methods. Commitment is a very important factor in the development of any relationship. The company has to develop their strategies and planning according to the needs and satisfaction of their stakeholders. The different stakeholders are the investors, the suppliers, the society and the customers; therefore, the company has to apply different methods for different stakeholders.

1. Investors: JUST EAT has to present their strategies and ideas to investors at meetings and conferences.
2. Customers and society: customers can get their information about the new products that has been launched in the market through mass media, social sites and postings.
3. Suppliers: they have to know about the resources that will be used in manufacturing products, so suppliers can make plans according to the standard requirements concerning that products.

As JUST EAT mainly deals in providing online food service to their customers and takeaway food services for their customers, parallel to serving new dishes or food items in the market. They should use the following dissemination methods that wouldhelp in gaining commitment from the stakeholders:

• Company website:The official company website, through which customers order their food items and various other products, can be used as a dissemination method to gain commitment from various stakeholders. The company website ensures covering vast geographical area and disseminating the information among their stakeholders.
• Cloud services: by upgrading their IT systems, JUST EAT can also use video conferencing methods to disseminate the information among their customers, suppliers, investors and other stakeholders. The company can also upload their video recording to spread the information to gain the commitment from their stakeholders. Documents can be handled by a central server giving access to them should they be anywhere on the globe.

6.3. Monitoring and evaluation systems for implementation of strategy plan

The monitoring and evaluation systems involve monthly and annual activities as follows:

• Monthly strategy planning:In this strategy the company can perform different team meetings on a monthly basis according to their respective department. This can help them to get appropriate timeframe of their program so that the teams are able to make their further planning.
• Annual review meetings:In JUST EAT, they also had meetings on a yearly basis that will help them to formally communicate. This helps to get information about all their targets to be achieved and planning operations by their respective functional departments (Sekhar, 2009).
• Long-term goals: In this strategy, management can measure the performance of the long-term goals in order to review the overall performance of the organization. Long-term goals assist the organization to identify the long-term objective and alternatives to reach them. Long-term goals are for the long tenure and they need the long-term strategy.
• Short-term goals: This very short term objectives help the JUST EAT to meet the day-to-day needs of the organization with the help of suitable strategy.

The systems that is being used by JUST EAT to monitor and evaluate the implementation of the strategy plan are:

• Quality systems: The company may also adopt quality systems to monitor and evaluate the implementation of strategies. These systems will help the company in preparing healthier quality food for their customers so that it would not affect their health. By implementing these systems in the company, the company can attract large number of customers and can also provide benefits for implementing the plan.

Celebration. This is an important feedback to the audients when we accomplishing objectives. It help to motivate members to work on the next level.

Issues:

Accountability is defined as those tasks for which the employee is answerable for his or her actions. An employee can only be held accountable for actions over which he or she had the authority to choose how he or she would perform.

Lack of employee empowerment, could occur for many reason. Manager must trust to the employee and also employee must trust to the leader, to achieve the goals. Manager could make a mistake, and hesitate to give a right for decision making for his team member, to risk the chance for the wrong decisions being made. This is also true from the other side as well where employee cannot make any decision.

Empowerment is the extent or degree of responsibility and authority given to an employee or to a team. Different people and different teams will have varying degrees of empowerment based upon their level of experience and expertise.

Employees who have the trust, respect and confidence of their managers will have a far greater degree of empowerment than employees whose actions are suspect. Empowerment is the act of identifying the tasks on which an employee is trusted to act independently versus those tasks the employee must get input on or approval before proceeding.

The Black Zone is the sum of all tasks and responsibilities the employee is expected to carry out in his or her role. It is a literal list of all possible activities the employee may be required to perform in his or her job classification. It includes everything the employee is expected to do at work.

The Green Zone entails those tasks and responsibilities on the list in which the employee is free to make decisions or to take independent action without seeking further guidance or approval from anyone else. Tasks and responsibilities placed in the green zone are those where the employee has the authority to take whatever action or to make whatever decision the employee deems appropriate. Green zone items require no additional approval from a manager. The employee merely keeps his or her manager apprised of the progress on green zone tasks.

Green zone issues usually include those tasks where the manager has full confidence that the employee will fulfill his or her responsibilities correctly without further input from the manager. Typically, these tasks are those where the manager trusts the judgment and decision making abilities of the employee and respects one's capacity to make the right choices. Consequently, the manager can support the employee’s actions and decisions without having to be involved.

The Red Zone identifies those tasks and responsibilities where the employee must seek input or approval from others before taking action or making a decision. Red zone items are those tasks where the employee does not have the authority to take independent action or to make independent decisions. The red zone shows where the employee must get input or approval before proceeding.(Mac McIntire 2014)

Mac McIntire Black, Green, and Red Zones

Conclusions

Strategic planning is the process of implementation of business operation plans for attaining growth by the systematic use of the resources. Above discussion concluded that good strategic planning provides unique advantages to the organization in the market, and it increases the competitive advantages in terms of growth and expansion of new projects. The company can analyze its own and its competitors’ strengths and weaknesses regarding their business activities. The company will be monitoring and evaluating the implementation steps because it gives a huge impact on the brand image of the company.

REFERENCES

Books and Journals

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Al-Turki, U. (2011): A framework for strategic planning in maintenance. In: Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering. 17(2). pp.150–162.

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Barksdale, S. and Lund, T. (2006) 10 Steps to Successful Strategic Planning. Danvers: American Society for Training and Development.

Beekun, I. R. (2006). Strategic Planning and Implementation for Islamic Organizations. Herdon: IIIT.

Bryson, M. J. (2011). Organizations: A Guide to Strengthening and Sustaining Organizational Achievement.4thedition. Athens: John Wiley & Sons.

Cassidy, A. (2005). A Practical Guide to Information Systems Strategic Planning, 2nd edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Crowley, D. J. (2004). Developing a Vision: Strategic Planning and the Library Media Specialist. Santa Barbara: Libraries Unlimited.

Dameron, S., and Durand, T. (2013). Strategies for business schools in a multi-polar world.  Paris: Education + Training. 55(4/5). pp.323 – 335.

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Kerzner, R. H. (2002). Strategic Planning for Project Management Using a Project Management Maturity Model. Danvers: John Wiley & Sons.

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Malphurs, A. (2013). Advanced Strategic Planning: A 21stCentury Model for Church and Ministry Leaders.  Ada Township: Baker Books.

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McLarney, C. (2001). Strategic planning-effectiveness-environment linkage: a case study. Nova Scotia: Management Decision. 39(10). pp.809–817.

Nelson, S. S. (2008). Strategic Planning for Results. Chicago: American Library Association.

Schoenberg, R., Collier, N. and Bowman, C. (2013): Strategies for business turnaround and recovery: a review and synthesis. European Business Review. 25(3). pp.243–262

Schraeder, M. (2002). A simplified approach to strategic planning: Practical considerations and an illustrated example.  Auburn: Business Process Management Journal. 8(1). pp.8–18.

Sekhar, S. V. G. (2009). Business Policy and Strategic Management. New Delhi: I. K. International Pvt Ltd.

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Steiner, A. G. (2010). Strategic Planning. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Subramoniam, S. and Krishnankutty, V. K. (2002). An expert system for the selection of strategic planning technique. Trivandrum: Kybernetes. 31(3/4). pp.550–560.

Tsiakkiros, A. and Pashiardis, P. (2002). Strategic planning and education: the case of Cyprus. Cyprus: International Journal of Educational Management. 16(1). pp.6–17.

Wacker, G. J., and Lummus, R. R. (2002). Sales forecasting for strategic resource planning. In:International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 22(9). pp.1014–1031.

Wallace, M. (2006). Fire Department Strategic Planning: Creating Future Excellence. Tulsa: PennWell Books.

Online

JUST EAT, 2016. About Us. [Online]. Available at. https://restaurants.just-eat.co.uk/benefits.html. [Accessed on 8th March 2014].

Understand and engage stakeholders. 2016. [Online]. Available at. http://betterevaluation.org/plan/manage/identify_engage_users. [Accessed on 8th March 2014].

Mac McIntire 2014.How to Empower Employees to Make Effective Decisions on the Front-Line [Online] Available at: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20140618220758-20499125-how-to-empower-employees-to-make-effective-decisions-on-the-front-line